HOWTO Manage Dynamic DNS with nsupdate

From Consultancy.EdVoncken.NET

[edit] A and PTR records

[edit] Adding a host (A and PTR records)

 # nsupdate -k /etc/ddns-update.key
 > update add gateway.example.local 38400 A 192.168.123.254
 > 
 > update add 254.123.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 38400 PTR gateway.example.local.
 >
 > quit

Note: The empty line is necessary, it sends the update to DNS. Since we are adding records to two different zones, we need to send two separate updates.

[edit] Deleting a host (A and PTR records)

 # nsupdate -k /etc/ddns-update.key 
 > update delete gateway.example.local IN A 192.168.123.254
 > 
 > update delete 254.123.168.192.in-addr.arpa PTR gateway.example.local.
 > 
 > quit

[edit] MX records

[edit] Adding a mail-host

The domain "example.local" wishes to use "mail.example.local" as their primary mail host.

We first need to add the standard A and PTR records for the mailhost (TTL 86400 seconds), followed by the MX record for the domain:

 # nsupdate -k /etc/ddns-update.key 
 > update add mail.example.nl 86400 IN A 192.168.123.25
 > 
 > update add 25.123.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 86400 PTR mail.example.local.
 > 
 > update add example.local 86400 MX 10 mail.example.local.
 > 
 > quit

Note: The mailhost should of course be accessible from the Internet and use a routable IP address instead of an RFC1918 address.

Verify the results using 'dig':

 # dig example.local MX
 
 ; <<>> DiG 9.3.4-P1 <<>> example.local MX
 ;; global options:  printcmd
 ;; Got answer:
 ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 15733
 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 3
 
 ;; QUESTION SECTION:
 ;example.local.			IN	MX
 
 ;; ANSWER SECTION:
 example.local.		86400	IN	MX	10 mail.example.local.
 
 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
 example.local.		86400	IN	NS	ns2.example.local.
 example.local.		86400	IN	NS	ns1.example.local.
 
 ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
 mail.example.local.	86400	IN	A	192.168.123.25
 ns1.example.local.	86400	IN	A	192.168.123.1
 ns2.example.local.	86400	IN	A	192.168.123.2
 
 ;; Query time: 1 msec
 ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
 ;; WHEN: Fri Jul 31 11:34:29 2009
 ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 134

[edit] Deleting a mail-host

If we wish to remove the mail-host, just delete the MX, A and PTR records:

 # nsupdate -k /etc/ddns-update.key 
 > update delete example.local MX 10 mail.example.local.
 > 
 > update delete mail.example.local IN A 192.168.123.25
 > 
 > update delete 25.123.168.192.in-addr.arpa PTR mail.example.local.
 > 
 > quit

Note: Mail may continue to be delivered to the old mailhost until the TTL expires!

[edit] Service (SRV) records

[edit] Adding SRV records for your IPA Server

After installing the IPA Server ("apollo" in this example), you should add some service-records to DNS for IPA discovery. The installer leaves a sample DNS zone file in /tmp. This is how I added the relevant records using nsupdate:

 # nsupdate -k /etc/ddns-update.key 
 > update add _ldap._tcp.example.local. 86400 IN SRV 0 100 389 apollo
 > 
 > update add _kerberos._tcp.example.local. 86400 IN SRV 0 100 88 apollo
 > 
 > update add _kerberos._udp.example.local. 86400 IN SRV 0 100 88 apollo
 > 
 > update add _kerberos-master._tcp.example.local. 86400 IN SRV 0 100 88 apollo
 > 
 > update add _kerberos-master._udp.example.local. 86400 IN SRV 0 100 88 apollo
 > 
 > update add _kpasswd._tcp.example.local. 86400 IN SRV 0 100 464 apollo
 > 
 > update add _kpasswd._udp.example.local. 86400 IN SRV 0 100 464 apollo
 > 
 > quit

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